November Case of the Month

Clinical History: A 35-year-old man with a history of smoking and HIV infection presents with dry cough, fever with sweats, and difficulty in breathing for several days. Clinical examination reveals an increased respiratory rate, tachycardia, and fine crackles on auscultation of the chest. Chest radiograph shows diffuse bilateral infiltrates and subsequent high resolution computed tomography shows multiple ground glass opacities in the lung. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and transbronchial biopsy (Figure 1-3) are performed. Tissue is also sent for bacterial, fungal and mycobacterial cultures.

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